Last June, Singapore sealed its first deal to buy Covid-19 vaccines - before any of the more than 200 vaccine candidates had even started their phase three clinical trials
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Buying a vaccine that may never make it to the market was a new concept for most pharmaceutical companies, he said.
"The drug industry is probably the most regulated industry. And drug companies will sell only drugs that are fully approved."
But most of the 40-plus companies agreed. After signing non-disclosure agreements, the panel managed to talk to "the elites of the projects" such as the chief medical officers, scientists and the people who did pre-trial tests and those who ran the clinical trials.
Where necessary, colleagues from Singapore's regulator, the Health Sciences Authority, visited the production plants to check on the quality of their processes.
With the agreements, he said "it allowed us to actually have access to data before they were published".
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Since deliveries are usually spread over six months or more, buying from different companies ensured an early first batch and a steady flow of vaccines.
By the end of last year, the first batch of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was already in Singapore. By now, more than 100,000 people have been vaccinated.