http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Certificate_of_Secondary_Education
First 'proper' exams you do at school here
Interesting in America you have a test to pass your last year or you don't graduate. It cover everything you should have learned over 12 years of learning. They include math. English, science, history, biology, civics. and reading. It does not follow you to college. We have an exam for college called the SAT (scholastic aptitude test) that is what is used to get into a good college. If you don't do well it is off to trade or beauty school.